We mark the 25th of November this year just as we have in previous years, marking it as the day of the restoration of Bosnian and Herzegovinian statehood.
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The context in which statehood was restored is without
any doubt both military and political.
For decades before the restoration of statehood, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, its citizens and its peoples, found themselves in a
subordinate position in relation to neighboring countries, all due to the
character of the constitutional legal order of the states of which it was a
part.
The ideas of its partition were not only alive but were
also being carried out on the ground and in everyday political reality.
The emergence of the National Liberation Movement in the
history of Bosnia and Herzegovina was salvational for our country, but also for
the generation of people who actively opposed the division and disappearance of
Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Therefore it is entirely clear why the National
Liberation Movement gathered forces and individuals of diverse ideological and
political understandings.
They, regardless of their differences, found in the
preservation of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a unified state a fundamental
consensus and motive for struggle.
Members of the Autonomy Movement embodied in the Yugoslav
Muslim Organization, members of the Croatian Peasant Party and members of
Serbian civic parties all found themselves in the NLM, but the most organized
political force was the Communist Party of Yugoslavia and its provincial
committee for Bosnia and Herzegovina.
All of them together, through their struggle within the
National Liberation Movement, created the necessary social context for the
restoration of statehood.
The historical truth is that not even within the
Communist Party did everyone support defining Bosnia and Herzegovina as a
unified and indivisible Republic, but thanks to a broad spectrum of political
actors, and above all thanks to the patriotism of the generation of Bosnian-Herzegovinian
communists at the top of the party and the movement, the position on the
necessity of forming Bosnia and Herzegovina as a Republic prevailed.
However, nuances in opinions and approaches were not the
decisive reason for such a decision.
That decision was the fruit of the struggle of the people
of this country, a struggle whose significance no one could deny, because a
people who has taken up arms cannot be denied or ignored.
The nuances, as I said, were not decisive in the decision
to form the Republic, but they were decisive in characterizing and defining
what that Republic is.
All the sessions of ZAVNOBiH in fact represent a single
whole, a unity of the process of restoring statehood.
Still, the first session of ZAVNOBiH in Mrkonjić Grad
placed emphasis on the equality of all peoples, while the second session of
ZAVNOBiH in Sanski Most, through the Declaration on the Rights of Citizens,
placed emphasis on the equality of citizens.
These two sessions of ZAVNOBiH are historical proof that
the concepts of the equality of peoples and the equality of citizens do not
exclude each other.
ZAVNOBiH is historical proof that they complement one
another.
Although it sounds somewhat unusual, the Dayton Peace
Agreement and the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina themselves confirmed
some of the basic principles recorded during the First and Second sessions of
ZAVNOBiH, through the expressed elements of both the ethnic and civic character
of our Constitution.
Both the 1943 restoration of statehood and the
Independence Referendum and the Dayton Peace Agreement carry within them in
continuity the same or similar constitutional principles.
Both the civic and ethnic components have always been
present throughout all our constitutional arrangements, but it is also a fact
that the competition between these two concepts has almost always been ongoing.
Those who today, by emphasizing only one component, the
ethnic one, using only what was emphasized in the First session of ZAVNOBiH
while disregarding the Second, seek to smuggle in certain consociational
arrangements, are nothing but simple falsifiers of both ZAVNOBiH and Dayton.
For if the existence of broad powers of the houses of
peoples is an expression of the ethnic component of the Constitution, then the
election of the sovereign, the manner of electing judges of the Constitutional
Court and the manner of electing members of the House of Representatives are a
concrete expression of the civic component of the Constitution.
There is of course also that somewhat abstract dimension
of the civic character of the Constitution, by which the Dayton Constitution
defines that the European Convention on Human Rights is superior to the
Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The values of that Convention fully correspond to the
values of the Declaration on the Rights of Citizens from the Second session of
ZAVNOBiH.
That is why no three different entities will be created
here today or tomorrow, nor will consociational euphemisms help in that.
They will not, because this is contrary to everything
Bosnia and Herzegovina is, as recorded in the declarations of ZAVNOBiH and in
the provisions of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and
Herzegovina.
Attempts at consociational regression of Bosnia and
Herzegovina through further ethnic territorialization or territorialization of
the electoral model on an ethnic principle break against the values of ZAVNOBiH
and the principles of Dayton.
Therefore Bosnia and Herzegovina is left with two paths,
the path of the achieved values and rights for which we fought for decades from
ZAVNOBiH to Dayton, and the path of democratic upgrading of these achieved
rights, the path of a civic state prescribed by our Constitution and by general
democratic values.
Two splendid generations of Bosnian-Herzegovinian people
won the state we have.
It is, of course, not perfect, but it is ours, and the
sacrifice made for it obliges us to respect it and love it.
I am convinced that the generation that comes after us
has the strength to preserve everything that is worthy and to make this country
better.
The precondition for that is that we appreciate what we
have, that which earlier generations fought for by giving their lives.
In the history of our country there have been many
difficult and bleak moments when it seemed that all was lost, but strength was
always found to move forward.
Let us remain faithful to this country and believe in it
as all Bosnian patriots before us believed.
When almost no one in the world, except a few rare
friends, believed in the survival of this state, we believed and we fought.
Let us remain as we were when it was hardest, for then we
were invincible.
Allow me, and do not hold it against me, to use this
opportunity to congratulate our football players as well, who recently showed
in the best way their faith in the homeland and their will to fight for it, to
congratulate them on their struggle and, with a message of encouragement, to
congratulate them on Statehood Day.
Naturally, I congratulate all of you present here and all
citizens on the Statehood Day of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Thank you for your attention.